update to voladdress-0.4 (#120)

* update to voladdress-0.4 (via git)

* restore the imports rust-analyzer told me to break.

Cargo.toml

@@ -16,8 +16,7 @@ default = []
 serial = ["embedded-hal", "nb"]
 
 [dependencies]
-typenum = "1.10"
+voladdress = { version = "0.4.0-alpha.0", git = "https://github.com/rust-console/voladdress" }
-voladdress = "0.2"
 gba-proc-macro = "0.5"
 embedded-hal = { version = "0.2.4", optional = true }
 nb = { version = "1.0.0", optional = true }

examples/irq.rs

@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ fn main(_argc: isize, _argv: *const *const u8) -> isize {
   irq::set_irq_handler(irq_handler);
 
   // Enable all interrupts that are set in the IE register.
-  IME.write(IrqEnableSetting::IRQ_YES);
+  unsafe { IME.write(IrqEnableSetting::IRQ_YES) };
 
   // Request that VBlank, HBlank and VCount will generate IRQs.
   const DISPLAY_SETTINGS: DisplayStatusSetting = DisplayStatusSetting::new()
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ fn main(_argc: isize, _argv: *const *const u8) -> isize {
       flags = flags.with_timer1(true);
     }
 
-    IE.write(flags);
+    unsafe { IE.write(flags) };
 
     // Puts the CPU into low power mode until a VBlank IRQ is received. This
     // will yield considerably better power efficiency as opposed to spin
@@ -119,29 +119,29 @@ fn vblank_handler() {
 
   // When using `interrupt_wait()` or `vblank_interrupt_wait()`, IRQ handlers must acknowledge
   // the IRQ on the BIOS Interrupt Flags register.
-  BIOS_IF.write(BIOS_IF.read().with_vblank(true));
+  unsafe { BIOS_IF.write(BIOS_IF.read().with_vblank(true)) };
 }
 
 fn hblank_handler() {
   write_pixel(GREEN);
 
-  BIOS_IF.write(BIOS_IF.read().with_hblank(true));
+  unsafe { BIOS_IF.write(BIOS_IF.read().with_hblank(true)) };
 }
 
 fn vcounter_handler() {
   write_pixel(RED);
 
-  BIOS_IF.write(BIOS_IF.read().with_vcounter(true));
+  unsafe { BIOS_IF.write(BIOS_IF.read().with_vcounter(true)) };
 }
 
 fn timer0_handler() {
   write_pixel(YELLOW);
 
-  BIOS_IF.write(BIOS_IF.read().with_timer0(true));
+  unsafe { BIOS_IF.write(BIOS_IF.read().with_timer0(true)) };
 }
 
 fn timer1_handler() {
   write_pixel(PINK);
 
-  BIOS_IF.write(BIOS_IF.read().with_timer1(true));
+  unsafe { BIOS_IF.write(BIOS_IF.read().with_timer1(true)) };
 }

examples/test_savegame.rs

@@ -4,14 +4,14 @@
 
 use core::cmp;
 use gba::{
-  fatal, warn,
+  fatal,
   io::{
     display::{DisplayControlSetting, DisplayMode, DISPCNT},
     timers::{TimerControlSetting, TimerTickRate, TM0CNT_H, TM0CNT_L, TM1CNT_H, TM1CNT_L},
   },
   save::*,
   vram::bitmap::Mode3,
-  Color,
+  warn, Color,
 };
 
 fn set_screen_color(r: u16, g: u16, b: u16) {
@@ -34,7 +34,6 @@ fn set_screen_progress(cur: usize, max: usize) {
 fn panic(info: &core::panic::PanicInfo) -> ! {
   set_screen_color(31, 0, 0);
   fatal!("{}", info);
-  loop {}
 }
 
 #[derive(Clone)]
@@ -168,7 +167,9 @@ fn main(_argc: isize, _argv: *const *const u8) -> isize {
 
     output!(
       "[ Partial, offset = 0x{:06x}, len = {}, bs = {}]",
-      rand_offset, rand_length, block_size,
+      rand_offset,
+      rand_length,
+      block_size,
     );
     check_status(do_test(Rng(i * 10000), rand_offset, rand_length, block_size));
     set_screen_progress(3 + i as usize, 10);

src/bios.rs

@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@
 
 #![cfg_attr(not(target_arch = "arm"), allow(unused_variables))]
 
-use core::mem;
 use super::*;
 use io::irq::IrqFlags;
 
@@ -184,8 +183,8 @@ pub fn interrupt_wait(ignore_current_flags: bool, target_flags: IrqFlags) {
     unsafe {
       asm!(
           "swi 0x04",
-          in("r0") mem::transmute::<bool, u8>(ignore_current_flags),
+          in("r0") ignore_current_flags as u8,
-          in("r1") mem::transmute::<IrqFlags, u16>(target_flags),
+          in("r1") target_flags.0,
       );
     }
   }

src/debug.rs

@@ -3,15 +3,8 @@
 //! This is the underlying implementation behind the various print macros in
 //! the gba crate. It currently supports the latest versions of mGBA and NO$GBA.
 
-use crate::{
+use crate::sync::{InitOnce, RawMutex, Static};
-  io::{
-    dma::{DMAControlSetting, DMA0, DMA1, DMA2, DMA3},
-    irq::{IrqEnableSetting, IME},
-  },
-  sync::{InitOnce, RawMutex, Static},
-};
 use core::fmt::{Arguments, Error};
-use voladdress::VolAddress;
 
 pub mod mgba;
 pub mod nocash;

src/debug/mgba.rs

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 use super::{DebugInterface, DebugLevel};
 use crate::sync::InitOnce;
 use core::fmt::{Arguments, Write};
-use voladdress::VolAddress;
+use voladdress::*;
 
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
 #[repr(u16)]
@@ -22,13 +22,13 @@ pub enum MGBADebugLevel {
 }
 
 // MGBADebug related addresses.
-const ENABLE_ADDRESS: VolAddress<u16> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x4fff780) };
+const ENABLE_ADDRESS: VolAddress<u16, Safe, Safe> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x4fff780) };
 const ENABLE_ADDRESS_INPUT: u16 = 0xC0DE;
 const ENABLE_ADDRESS_OUTPUT: u16 = 0x1DEA;
 
-const OUTPUT_BASE: VolAddress<u8> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x4fff600) };
+const OUTPUT_BLOCK: VolBlock<u8, Safe, Safe, 256> = unsafe { VolBlock::new(0x4fff600) };
 
-const SEND_ADDRESS: VolAddress<u16> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x4fff700) };
+const SEND_ADDRESS: VolAddress<u16, Safe, Safe> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x4fff700) };
 const SEND_FLAG: u16 = 0x100;
 
 // Only enable MGBA debugging once.
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ impl MGBADebug {
 impl core::fmt::Write for MGBADebug {
   fn write_str(&mut self, s: &str) -> Result<(), core::fmt::Error> {
     unsafe {
-      let mut current = OUTPUT_BASE.offset(self.bytes_written as isize);
+      let mut current = OUTPUT_BLOCK.index(self.bytes_written as usize);
       let mut str_iter = s.bytes();
       while self.bytes_written < 255 {
         match str_iter.next() {

src/debug/nocash.rs

@@ -9,11 +9,10 @@ use crate::{
   sync::InitOnce,
 };
 use core::fmt::{Arguments, Write};
-use typenum::consts::U16;
+use voladdress::*;
-use voladdress::{VolAddress, VolBlock};
 
-const CHAR_OUT: VolAddress<u8> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x04FFFA1C) };
+const CHAR_OUT: VolAddress<u8, Safe, Safe> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x04FFFA1C) };
-const SIGNATURE_ADDR: VolBlock<u8, U16> = unsafe { VolBlock::new(0x04FFFA00) };
+const SIGNATURE_ADDR: VolBlock<u8, Safe, Safe, 16> = unsafe { VolBlock::new(0x04FFFA00) };
 
 const SIGNATURE: [u8; 7] = *b"no$gba ";
 static NO_CASH_DEBUGGING: InitOnce<bool> = InitOnce::new();

src/fixed_point.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,7 @@
 #![allow(non_camel_case_types)]
+// Note(Lokathor): NOT CURRENTLY USED.
+//
+// If we want this in the future we can convert it to const generics.
 
 //! Module for fixed point math types and operations.
 

src/io/background.rs

@@ -3,13 +3,17 @@
 use super::*;
 
 /// BG0 Control. Read/Write. Display Mode 0/1 only.
-pub const BG0CNT: VolAddress<BackgroundControlSetting> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0008) };
+pub const BG0CNT: VolAddress<BackgroundControlSetting, Safe, Safe> =
+  unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0008) };
 /// BG1 Control. Read/Write. Display Mode 0/1 only.
-pub const BG1CNT: VolAddress<BackgroundControlSetting> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_000A) };
+pub const BG1CNT: VolAddress<BackgroundControlSetting, Safe, Safe> =
+  unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_000A) };
 /// BG2 Control. Read/Write. Display Mode 0/1/2 only.
-pub const BG2CNT: VolAddress<BackgroundControlSetting> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_000C) };
+pub const BG2CNT: VolAddress<BackgroundControlSetting, Safe, Safe> =
+  unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_000C) };
 /// BG3 Control. Read/Write.  Display Mode 0/2 only.
-pub const BG3CNT: VolAddress<BackgroundControlSetting> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_000E) };
+pub const BG3CNT: VolAddress<BackgroundControlSetting, Safe, Safe> =
+  unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_000E) };
 
 newtype! {
   /// Allows configuration of a background layer.
@@ -66,24 +70,24 @@ pub enum BGSize {
 }
 
 /// BG0 X-Offset. Write only. Text mode only. 9 bits.
-pub const BG0HOFS: VolAddress<u16> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0010) };
+pub const BG0HOFS: VolAddress<u16, Safe, Safe> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0010) };
 /// BG0 Y-Offset. Write only. Text mode only. 9 bits.
-pub const BG0VOFS: VolAddress<u16> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0012) };
+pub const BG0VOFS: VolAddress<u16, Safe, Safe> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0012) };
 
 /// BG1 X-Offset. Write only. Text mode only. 9 bits.
-pub const BG1HOFS: VolAddress<u16> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0014) };
+pub const BG1HOFS: VolAddress<u16, Safe, Safe> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0014) };
 /// BG1 Y-Offset. Write only. Text mode only. 9 bits.
-pub const BG1VOFS: VolAddress<u16> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0016) };
+pub const BG1VOFS: VolAddress<u16, Safe, Safe> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0016) };
 
 /// BG2 X-Offset. Write only. Text mode only. 9 bits.
-pub const BG2HOFS: VolAddress<u16> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0018) };
+pub const BG2HOFS: VolAddress<u16, Safe, Safe> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0018) };
 /// BG2 Y-Offset. Write only. Text mode only. 9 bits.
-pub const BG2VOFS: VolAddress<u16> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_001A) };
+pub const BG2VOFS: VolAddress<u16, Safe, Safe> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_001A) };
 
 /// BG3 X-Offset. Write only. Text mode only. 9 bits.
-pub const BG3HOFS: VolAddress<u16> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_001C) };
+pub const BG3HOFS: VolAddress<u16, Safe, Safe> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_001C) };
 /// BG3 Y-Offset. Write only. Text mode only. 9 bits.
-pub const BG3VOFS: VolAddress<u16> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_001E) };
+pub const BG3VOFS: VolAddress<u16, Safe, Safe> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_001E) };
 
 // TODO: affine backgrounds
 // BG2X_L

src/io/color_blend.rs

@@ -3,7 +3,8 @@
 use super::*;
 
 /// Color Special Effects Selection (R/W)
-pub const BLDCNT: VolAddress<ColorEffectSetting> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0050) };
+pub const BLDCNT: VolAddress<ColorEffectSetting, Safe, Safe> =
+  unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0050) };
 
 newtype! {
   /// TODO: docs
@@ -43,7 +44,8 @@ newtype_enum! {
 }
 
 /// Alpha Blending Coefficients (R/W) (not W)
-pub const BLDALPHA: VolAddress<AlphaBlendingSetting> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0052) };
+pub const BLDALPHA: VolAddress<AlphaBlendingSetting, Safe, Safe> =
+  unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0052) };
 
 newtype! {
   /// TODO: docs
@@ -59,7 +61,7 @@ impl AlphaBlendingSetting {
 }
 
 /// Brightness (Fade-In/Out) Coefficient (W) (not R/W)
-pub const BLDY: VolAddress<BrightnessSetting> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0054) };
+pub const BLDY: VolAddress<BrightnessSetting, Safe, Safe> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0054) };
 
 newtype! {
   /// TODO: docs

src/io/display.rs

@@ -5,7 +5,8 @@ use super::*;
 /// LCD Control. Read/Write.
 ///
 /// The "force vblank" bit is always set when your Rust code first executes.
-pub const DISPCNT: VolAddress<DisplayControlSetting> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0000) };
+pub const DISPCNT: VolAddress<DisplayControlSetting, Safe, Safe> =
+  unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0000) };
 
 newtype!(
   /// Setting for the display control register.
@@ -96,7 +97,8 @@ pub fn display_control() -> DisplayControlSetting {
 }
 
 /// Display Status and IRQ Control. Read/Write.
-pub const DISPSTAT: VolAddress<DisplayStatusSetting> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0004) };
+pub const DISPSTAT: VolAddress<DisplayStatusSetting, Safe, Safe> =
+  unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0004) };
 
 newtype!(
   /// A newtype over display status and interrupt control values.
@@ -122,13 +124,13 @@ impl DisplayStatusSetting {
 /// Gives the current scanline that the display controller is working on. If
 /// this is at or above the `VBLANK_SCANLINE` value then the display controller
 /// is in a "vertical blank" period.
-pub const VCOUNT: ROVolAddress<u16> = unsafe { ROVolAddress::new(0x400_0006) };
+pub const VCOUNT: VolAddress<u16, Safe, ()> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0006) };
 
 /// If the `VCOUNT` register reads equal to or above this then you're in vblank.
 pub const VBLANK_SCANLINE: u16 = 160;
 
 /// Global mosaic effect control. Write-only.
-pub const MOSAIC: VolAddress<MosaicSetting> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_004C) };
+pub const MOSAIC: VolAddress<MosaicSetting, Safe, Safe> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_004C) };
 
 newtype! {
   /// Allows control of the Mosaic effect.

src/io/dma.rs

@@ -127,13 +127,14 @@ pub enum DMAStartTiming {
 pub struct DMA0;
 impl DMA0 {
   /// DMA 0 Source Address, read only.
-  const DMA0SAD: VolAddress<*const u32> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_00B0) };
+  const DMA0SAD: VolAddress<*const u32, Safe, Unsafe> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_00B0) };
   /// DMA 0 Destination Address, read only.
-  const DMA0DAD: VolAddress<*mut u32> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_00B4) };
+  const DMA0DAD: VolAddress<*mut u32, Safe, Unsafe> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_00B4) };
   /// DMA 0 Word Count, read only.
-  const DMA0CNT_L: VolAddress<u16> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_00B8) };
+  const DMA0CNT_L: VolAddress<u16, Safe, Unsafe> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_00B8) };
   /// DMA 0 Control, read/write.
-  const DMA0CNT_H: VolAddress<DMAControlSetting> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_00BA) };
+  const DMA0CNT_H: VolAddress<DMAControlSetting, Safe, Unsafe> =
+    unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_00BA) };
 
   /// Assigns the source register.
   ///
@@ -190,13 +191,14 @@ impl DMA0 {
 pub struct DMA1;
 impl DMA1 {
   /// DMA 1 Source Address, read only.
-  const DMA1SAD: VolAddress<*const u32> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_00BC) };
+  const DMA1SAD: VolAddress<*const u32, Safe, Unsafe> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_00BC) };
   /// DMA 1 Destination Address, read only.
-  const DMA1DAD: VolAddress<*mut u32> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_00C0) };
+  const DMA1DAD: VolAddress<*mut u32, Safe, Unsafe> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_00C0) };
   /// DMA 1 Word Count, read only.
-  const DMA1CNT_L: VolAddress<u16> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_00C4) };
+  const DMA1CNT_L: VolAddress<u16, Safe, Unsafe> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_00C4) };
   /// DMA 1 Control, read/write.
-  const DMA1CNT_H: VolAddress<DMAControlSetting> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_00C6) };
+  const DMA1CNT_H: VolAddress<DMAControlSetting, Safe, Unsafe> =
+    unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_00C6) };
 
   /// Assigns the source register.
   ///
@@ -253,13 +255,14 @@ impl DMA1 {
 pub struct DMA2;
 impl DMA2 {
   /// DMA 2 Source Address, read only.
-  const DMA2SAD: VolAddress<*const u32> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_00C8) };
+  const DMA2SAD: VolAddress<*const u32, Safe, Unsafe> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_00C8) };
   /// DMA 2 Destination Address, read only.
-  const DMA2DAD: VolAddress<*mut u32> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_00CC) };
+  const DMA2DAD: VolAddress<*mut u32, Safe, Unsafe> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_00CC) };
   /// DMA 2 Word Count, read only.
-  const DMA2CNT_L: VolAddress<u16> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_00D0) };
+  const DMA2CNT_L: VolAddress<u16, Safe, Unsafe> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_00D0) };
   /// DMA 2 Control, read/write.
-  const DMA2CNT_H: VolAddress<DMAControlSetting> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_00D2) };
+  const DMA2CNT_H: VolAddress<DMAControlSetting, Safe, Unsafe> =
+    unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_00D2) };
 
   /// Assigns the source register.
   ///
@@ -317,13 +320,14 @@ impl DMA2 {
 pub struct DMA3;
 impl DMA3 {
   /// DMA 3 Source Address, read only.
-  const DMA3SAD: VolAddress<*const u32> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_00D4) };
+  const DMA3SAD: VolAddress<*const u32, Safe, Unsafe> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_00D4) };
   /// DMA 3 Destination Address, read only.
-  const DMA3DAD: VolAddress<*mut u32> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_00D8) };
+  const DMA3DAD: VolAddress<*mut u32, Safe, Unsafe> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_00D8) };
   /// DMA 3 Word Count, read only.
-  const DMA3CNT_L: VolAddress<u16> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_00DC) };
+  const DMA3CNT_L: VolAddress<u16, Safe, Unsafe> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_00DC) };
   /// DMA 3 Control, read/write.
-  const DMA3CNT_H: VolAddress<DMAControlSetting> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_00DE) };
+  const DMA3CNT_H: VolAddress<DMAControlSetting, Safe, Unsafe> =
+    unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_00DE) };
 
   /// Assigns the source register.
   ///

src/io/irq.rs

@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ use super::*;
 newtype!(
   /// A newtype over all interrupt flags.
   IrqFlags,
-  u16
+  pub(crate) u16
 );
 
 impl IrqFlags {
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ impl IrqFlags {
 ///
 /// After setting up interrupt handlers, set the flags on this register type corresponding to the
 /// IRQs you want to handle.
-pub const IE: VolAddress<IrqFlags> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0200) };
+pub const IE: VolAddress<IrqFlags, Safe, Unsafe> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0200) };
 
 /// Interrupt Request Flags / IRQ Acknowledge. Read/Write.
 ///
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ pub const IE: VolAddress<IrqFlags> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0200) };
 /// However, if the main interrupt handler in `rsrt0.S` is changed, then the
 /// handler must write a `1` bit to all bits that are enabled on this register
 /// when it is called.
-pub const IF: VolAddress<IrqFlags> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0202) };
+pub const IF: VolAddress<IrqFlags, Safe, Unsafe> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0202) };
 
 newtype! {
     /// Setting to control whether interrupts are enabled.
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ impl IrqEnableSetting {
 }
 
 /// Interrupt Master Enable Register. Read/Write.
-pub const IME: VolAddress<IrqEnableSetting> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0208) };
+pub const IME: VolAddress<IrqEnableSetting, Safe, Unsafe> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0208) };
 
 /// BIOS Interrupt Flags. Read/Write.
 ///
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ pub const IME: VolAddress<IrqEnableSetting> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_020
 /// [`vblank_interrupt_wait`](bios::vblank_interrupt_wait), the corresponding
 /// interrupt handler MUST set the flag of the interrupt it has handled on this
 /// register in addition to the usual interrupt acknowledgement.
-pub const BIOS_IF: VolAddress<IrqFlags> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x0300_7FF8) };
+pub const BIOS_IF: VolAddress<IrqFlags, Safe, Unsafe> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x0300_7FF8) };
 
 /// A function pointer for use as an interrupt handler.
 pub type IrqHandler = extern "C" fn(IrqFlags);

src/io/keypad.rs

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ use super::*;
 /// follow the "high-active" convention (hint: you probably do, it's far easier
 /// to work with) then call `read_key_input()` rather than reading this register
 /// directly. It will perform the necessary bit flip operation for you.
-pub const KEYINPUT: ROVolAddress<u16> = unsafe { ROVolAddress::new(0x400_0130) };
+pub const KEYINPUT: VolAddress<u16, Safe, ()> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0130) };
 
 /// A "tribool" value helps us interpret the arrow pad.
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
@@ -88,7 +88,8 @@ pub fn read_key_input() -> KeyInput {
 /// Use this to configure when a keypad interrupt happens.
 ///
 /// See the `KeyInterruptSetting` type for more.
-pub const KEYCNT: VolAddress<KeyInterruptSetting> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0132) };
+pub const KEYCNT: VolAddress<KeyInterruptSetting, Safe, Safe> =
+  unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0132) };
 
 newtype! {
   /// Allows configuration of when a keypad interrupt fires.

src/io/sio.rs

@@ -3,13 +3,14 @@
 use super::*;
 
 /// Serial IO Control. Read/Write.
-pub const SIOCNT: VolAddress<SioControlSetting> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0128) };
+pub const SIOCNT: VolAddress<SioControlSetting, Safe, Safe> =
+  unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0128) };
 
 /// Serial IO Data. Read/Write.
-pub const SIODATA8: VolAddress<u16> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_012A) };
+pub const SIODATA8: VolAddress<u16, Safe, Safe> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_012A) };
 
 /// General IO Control. Read/Write.
-pub const RCNT: VolAddress<IoControlSetting> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0134) };
+pub const RCNT: VolAddress<IoControlSetting, Safe, Safe> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0134) };
 
 newtype!(
   /// Setting for the serial IO control register.
@@ -122,7 +123,7 @@ newtype_enum! {
     JoyBus = 3,
 }
 
-/// Empty stuct that implements embedded_hal traits.
+/// Empty struct that implements embedded_hal traits.
 #[cfg(feature = "serial")]
 #[derive(Clone)]
 pub struct SioSerial;

src/io/sound.rs

@@ -5,7 +5,8 @@ use super::*;
 //TODO within these "read/write" registers only some bits are actually read/write!
 
 /// Sound Channel 1 Sweep Register (`NR10`). Read/Write.
-pub const SOUND1CNT_L: VolAddress<SweepRegisterSetting> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0060) };
+pub const SOUND1CNT_L: VolAddress<SweepRegisterSetting, Safe, Safe> =
+  unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0060) };
 
 newtype! {
   /// TODO: docs
@@ -22,7 +23,8 @@ impl SweepRegisterSetting {
 }
 
 /// Sound Channel 1 Duty/Length/Envelope (`NR11`, `NR12`). Read/Write.
-pub const SOUND1CNT_H: VolAddress<DutyLenEnvelopeSetting> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0062) };
+pub const SOUND1CNT_H: VolAddress<DutyLenEnvelopeSetting, Safe, Safe> =
+  unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0062) };
 
 newtype! {
   /// TODO: docs
@@ -41,7 +43,8 @@ impl DutyLenEnvelopeSetting {
 }
 
 /// Sound Channel 1 Frequency/Control (`NR13`, `NR14`). Read/Write.
-pub const SOUND1CNT_X: VolAddress<FrequencyControlSetting> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0064) };
+pub const SOUND1CNT_X: VolAddress<FrequencyControlSetting, Safe, Safe> =
+  unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0064) };
 
 newtype! {
   /// TODO: docs
@@ -58,13 +61,15 @@ impl FrequencyControlSetting {
 }
 
 /// Sound Channel 2 Channel 2 Duty/Length/Envelope (`NR21`, `NR22`). Read/Write.
-pub const SOUND2CNT_L: VolAddress<DutyLenEnvelopeSetting> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0068) };
+pub const SOUND2CNT_L: VolAddress<DutyLenEnvelopeSetting, Safe, Safe> =
+  unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0068) };
 
 /// Sound Channel 2 Frequency/Control (`NR23`, `NR24`). Read/Write.
-pub const SOUND2CNT_H: VolAddress<FrequencyControlSetting> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_006C) };
+pub const SOUND2CNT_H: VolAddress<FrequencyControlSetting, Safe, Safe> =
+  unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_006C) };
 
 /// Sound Channel 3 Stop/Wave RAM select (`NR23`, `NR24`). Read/Write.
-pub const SOUND3CNT_L: VolAddress<StopWaveRAMSelectSetting> =
+pub const SOUND3CNT_L: VolAddress<StopWaveRAMSelectSetting, Safe, Safe> =
   unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0070) };
 
 newtype! {
@@ -82,7 +87,8 @@ impl StopWaveRAMSelectSetting {
 }
 
 /// Sound Channel 3 Length/Volume (`NR23`, `NR24`). Read/Write.
-pub const SOUND3CNT_H: VolAddress<LengthVolumeSetting> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0072) };
+pub const SOUND3CNT_H: VolAddress<LengthVolumeSetting, Safe, Safe> =
+  unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0072) };
 
 newtype! {
   /// TODO: docs
@@ -99,27 +105,29 @@ impl LengthVolumeSetting {
 }
 
 /// Sound Channel 3 Frequency/Control (`NR33`, `NR34`). Read/Write.
-pub const SOUND3CNT_X: VolAddress<FrequencyControlSetting> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0074) };
+pub const SOUND3CNT_X: VolAddress<FrequencyControlSetting, Safe, Safe> =
+  unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0074) };
 
 /// Channel 3 Wave Pattern RAM (W/R)
-pub const WAVE_RAM0_L: VolAddress<u16> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0090) };
+pub const WAVE_RAM0_L: VolAddress<u16, Safe, Safe> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0090) };
 /// Channel 3 Wave Pattern RAM (W/R)
-pub const WAVE_RAM0_H: VolAddress<u16> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0092) };
+pub const WAVE_RAM0_H: VolAddress<u16, Safe, Safe> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0092) };
 /// Channel 3 Wave Pattern RAM (W/R)
-pub const WAVE_RAM1_L: VolAddress<u16> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0094) };
+pub const WAVE_RAM1_L: VolAddress<u16, Safe, Safe> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0094) };
 /// Channel 3 Wave Pattern RAM (W/R)
-pub const WAVE_RAM1_H: VolAddress<u16> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0096) };
+pub const WAVE_RAM1_H: VolAddress<u16, Safe, Safe> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0096) };
 /// Channel 3 Wave Pattern RAM (W/R)
-pub const WAVE_RAM2_L: VolAddress<u16> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0098) };
+pub const WAVE_RAM2_L: VolAddress<u16, Safe, Safe> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0098) };
 /// Channel 3 Wave Pattern RAM (W/R)
-pub const WAVE_RAM2_H: VolAddress<u16> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_009A) };
+pub const WAVE_RAM2_H: VolAddress<u16, Safe, Safe> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_009A) };
 /// Channel 3 Wave Pattern RAM (W/R)
-pub const WAVE_RAM3_L: VolAddress<u16> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_009C) };
+pub const WAVE_RAM3_L: VolAddress<u16, Safe, Safe> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_009C) };
 /// Channel 3 Wave Pattern RAM (W/R)
-pub const WAVE_RAM3_H: VolAddress<u16> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_009E) };
+pub const WAVE_RAM3_H: VolAddress<u16, Safe, Safe> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_009E) };
 
 /// Sound Channel 4 Length/Envelope (`NR41`, `NR42`). Read/Write.
-pub const SOUND4CNT_L: VolAddress<LengthEnvelopeSetting> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0078) };
+pub const SOUND4CNT_L: VolAddress<LengthEnvelopeSetting, Safe, Safe> =
+  unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0078) };
 
 newtype! {
   /// TODO: docs
@@ -137,7 +145,8 @@ impl LengthEnvelopeSetting {
 }
 
 /// Sound Channel 4 Frequency/Control (`NR43`, `NR44`). Read/Write.
-pub const SOUND4CNT_H: VolAddress<NoiseFrequencySetting> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_007C) };
+pub const SOUND4CNT_H: VolAddress<NoiseFrequencySetting, Safe, Safe> =
+  unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_007C) };
 
 newtype! {
   /// TODO: docs
@@ -158,16 +167,16 @@ impl NoiseFrequencySetting {
 // TODO: unify FIFO as
 
 /// Sound A FIFO, Data 0 and Data 1 (W)
-pub const FIFO_A_L: VolAddress<u16> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_00A0) };
+pub const FIFO_A_L: VolAddress<u16, Safe, Safe> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_00A0) };
 /// Sound A FIFO, Data 2 and Data 3 (W)
-pub const FIFO_A_H: VolAddress<u16> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_00A2) };
+pub const FIFO_A_H: VolAddress<u16, Safe, Safe> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_00A2) };
 /// Sound B FIFO, Data 0 and Data 1 (W)
-pub const FIFO_B_L: VolAddress<u16> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_00A4) };
+pub const FIFO_B_L: VolAddress<u16, Safe, Safe> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_00A4) };
 /// Sound B FIFO, Data 2 and Data 3 (W)
-pub const FIFO_B_H: VolAddress<u16> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_00A6) };
+pub const FIFO_B_H: VolAddress<u16, Safe, Safe> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_00A6) };
 
 /// Channel L/R Volume/Enable (`NR50`, `NR51`). Read/Write.
-pub const SOUNDCNT_L: VolAddress<NonWaveVolumeEnableSetting> =
+pub const SOUNDCNT_L: VolAddress<NonWaveVolumeEnableSetting, Safe, Safe> =
   unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0080) };
 
 newtype! {
@@ -186,7 +195,8 @@ impl NonWaveVolumeEnableSetting {
 }
 
 /// DMA Sound Control/Mixing. Read/Write.
-pub const SOUNDCNT_H: VolAddress<WaveVolumeEnableSetting> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0082) };
+pub const SOUNDCNT_H: VolAddress<WaveVolumeEnableSetting, Safe, Safe> =
+  unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0082) };
 
 newtype! {
   /// TODO: docs
@@ -222,7 +232,8 @@ newtype_enum! {
 }
 
 /// Sound on/off (`NR52`). Read/Write.
-pub const SOUNDCNT_X: VolAddress<SoundMasterSetting> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0084) };
+pub const SOUNDCNT_X: VolAddress<SoundMasterSetting, Safe, Safe> =
+  unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0084) };
 
 newtype! {
   /// TODO: docs
@@ -241,7 +252,8 @@ impl SoundMasterSetting {
 }
 
 /// Sound on/off (`NR52`). Read/Write.
-pub const SOUNDBIAS: VolAddress<SoundPWMSetting> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0088) };
+pub const SOUNDBIAS: VolAddress<SoundPWMSetting, Safe, Safe> =
+  unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0088) };
 
 newtype! {
   /// TODO: docs

src/io/timers.rs

@@ -28,28 +28,32 @@ use super::*;
 // TODO: striding blocks?
 
 /// Timer 0 Counter/Reload. Special (see module).
-pub const TM0CNT_L: VolAddress<u16> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0100) };
+pub const TM0CNT_L: VolAddress<u16, Safe, Safe> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0100) };
 
 /// Timer 1 Counter/Reload. Special (see module).
-pub const TM1CNT_L: VolAddress<u16> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0104) };
+pub const TM1CNT_L: VolAddress<u16, Safe, Safe> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0104) };
 
 /// Timer 2 Counter/Reload. Special (see module).
-pub const TM2CNT_L: VolAddress<u16> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0108) };
+pub const TM2CNT_L: VolAddress<u16, Safe, Safe> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0108) };
 
 /// Timer 3 Counter/Reload. Special (see module).
-pub const TM3CNT_L: VolAddress<u16> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_010C) };
+pub const TM3CNT_L: VolAddress<u16, Safe, Safe> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_010C) };
 
 /// Timer 0 Control. Read/Write.
-pub const TM0CNT_H: VolAddress<TimerControlSetting> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0102) };
+pub const TM0CNT_H: VolAddress<TimerControlSetting, Safe, Safe> =
+  unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0102) };
 
 /// Timer 1 Control. Read/Write.
-pub const TM1CNT_H: VolAddress<TimerControlSetting> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0106) };
+pub const TM1CNT_H: VolAddress<TimerControlSetting, Safe, Safe> =
+  unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0106) };
 
 /// Timer 2 Control. Read/Write.
-pub const TM2CNT_H: VolAddress<TimerControlSetting> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_010A) };
+pub const TM2CNT_H: VolAddress<TimerControlSetting, Safe, Safe> =
+  unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_010A) };
 
 /// Timer 3 Control. Read/Write.
-pub const TM3CNT_H: VolAddress<TimerControlSetting> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_010E) };
+pub const TM3CNT_H: VolAddress<TimerControlSetting, Safe, Safe> =
+  unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_010E) };
 
 newtype! {
   /// Allows control of a timer unit.

src/io/window.rs

@@ -3,10 +3,12 @@
 use super::*;
 
 /// Window 0 Horizontal Dimensions (W)
-pub const WIN0H: VolAddress<HorizontalWindowSetting> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0040) };
+pub const WIN0H: VolAddress<HorizontalWindowSetting, Safe, Safe> =
+  unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0040) };
 
 /// Window 1 Horizontal Dimensions (W)
-pub const WIN1H: VolAddress<HorizontalWindowSetting> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0042) };
+pub const WIN1H: VolAddress<HorizontalWindowSetting, Safe, Safe> =
+  unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0042) };
 
 newtype! {
   /// TODO: docs
@@ -22,10 +24,12 @@ impl HorizontalWindowSetting {
 }
 
 /// Window 0 Vertical Dimensions (W)
-pub const WIN0V: VolAddress<VerticalWindowSetting> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0044) };
+pub const WIN0V: VolAddress<VerticalWindowSetting, Safe, Safe> =
+  unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0044) };
 
 /// Window 1 Vertical Dimensions (W)
-pub const WIN1V: VolAddress<VerticalWindowSetting> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0046) };
+pub const WIN1V: VolAddress<VerticalWindowSetting, Safe, Safe> =
+  unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0046) };
 
 newtype! {
   /// TODO: docs
@@ -41,7 +45,8 @@ impl VerticalWindowSetting {
 }
 
 /// Control of Inside of Window(s) (R/W)
-pub const WININ: VolAddress<InsideWindowSetting> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0048) };
+pub const WININ: VolAddress<InsideWindowSetting, Safe, Safe> =
+  unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_0048) };
 
 newtype! {
   /// TODO: docs
@@ -67,7 +72,8 @@ impl InsideWindowSetting {
 }
 
 ///  Control of Outside of Windows & Inside of OBJ Window (R/W)
-pub const WINOUT: VolAddress<OutsideWindowSetting> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_004A) };
+pub const WINOUT: VolAddress<OutsideWindowSetting, Safe, Safe> =
+  unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x400_004A) };
 
 newtype! {
   /// TODO: docs

src/lib.rs

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
 #![cfg_attr(not(test), no_std)]
 #![feature(asm, global_asm, isa_attribute)]
-#![allow(clippy::cast_lossless)]
+#![allow(unused_imports)]
-#![deny(clippy::float_arithmetic)]
+//#![warn(missing_docs)]
-#![warn(missing_docs)]
 
 //! This crate helps you write GBA ROMs.
 //!
@@ -18,12 +17,11 @@
 //! do, it's a giant bag of Undefined Behavior.
 
 pub(crate) use gba_proc_macro::phantom_fields;
-pub(crate) use voladdress::{read_only::ROVolAddress, VolAddress, VolBlock};
+
+use voladdress::*;
 
 pub mod macros;
 
-pub mod base;
-
 pub mod bios;
 
 pub mod iwram;

src/oam.rs

@@ -2,8 +2,6 @@
 
 use super::*;
 
-use typenum::consts::{U128, U32};
-
 newtype! {
   /// 0th part of an object's attributes.
   ///
@@ -139,7 +137,7 @@ pub struct ObjectAttributes {
 
 /// The object attributes, but there are gaps in the array, so we must not
 /// expose this directly.
-const OBJ_ATTR_APPROX: VolBlock<[u16; 4], U128> = unsafe { VolBlock::new(0x700_0000) };
+const OBJ_ATTR_APPROX: VolBlock<[u16; 4], Safe, Safe, 128> = unsafe { VolBlock::new(0x700_0000) };
 // TODO: VolSeries
 
 pub fn write_obj_attributes(slot: usize, attributes: ObjectAttributes) -> Option<()> {
@@ -172,7 +170,8 @@ pub struct AffineParameters {
 
 /// The object attributes, but there are gaps in the array, so we must not
 /// expose this directly.
-const AFFINE_PARAMS_APPROX: VolBlock<[i16; 16], U32> = unsafe { VolBlock::new(0x700_0000) };
+const AFFINE_PARAMS_APPROX: VolBlock<[i16; 16], Safe, Safe, 32> =
+  unsafe { VolBlock::new(0x700_0000) };
 // TODO: VolSeries
 
 pub fn write_affine_parameters(slot: usize, params: AffineParameters) -> Option<()> {

src/palram.rs

@@ -25,42 +25,36 @@
 
 use super::*;
 
-use typenum::consts::U256;
-
 // TODO: PalIndex newtypes?
 
 /// The `PALRAM` for background colors, 256 slot view.
-pub const PALRAM_BG: VolBlock<Color, U256> = unsafe { VolBlock::new(0x500_0000) };
+pub const PALRAM_BG: VolBlock<Color, Safe, Safe, 256> = unsafe { VolBlock::new(0x500_0000) };
 
 /// The `PALRAM` for object colors, 256 slot view.
-pub const PALRAM_OBJ: VolBlock<Color, U256> = unsafe { VolBlock::new(0x500_0200) };
+pub const PALRAM_OBJ: VolBlock<Color, Safe, Safe, 256> = unsafe { VolBlock::new(0x500_0200) };
 
 /// Obtains the address of the specified 8bpp background palette slot.
-pub const fn index_palram_bg_8bpp(slot: u8) -> VolAddress<Color> {
+pub const fn index_palram_bg_8bpp(slot: u8) -> VolAddress<Color, Safe, Safe> {
-  // Note(Lokathor): because of the `u8` limit we can't go out of bounds here.
+  PALRAM_BG.index(slot as usize)
-  unsafe { PALRAM_BG.index_unchecked(slot as usize) }
 }
 
 /// Obtains the address of the specified 8bpp object palette slot.
-pub const fn index_palram_obj_8bpp(slot: u8) -> VolAddress<Color> {
+pub const fn index_palram_obj_8bpp(slot: u8) -> VolAddress<Color, Safe, Safe> {
-  // Note(Lokathor): because of the `u8` limit we can't go out of bounds here.
+  PALRAM_OBJ.index(slot as usize)
-  unsafe { PALRAM_OBJ.index_unchecked(slot as usize) }
 }
 
 /// Obtains the address of the specified 4bpp background palbank and palslot.
 ///
 /// Accesses `palbank * 16 + palslot`, if this is out of bounds the computation
 /// will wrap.
-pub const fn index_palram_bg_4bpp(palbank: u8, palslot: u8) -> VolAddress<Color> {
+pub const fn index_palram_bg_4bpp(palbank: u8, palslot: u8) -> VolAddress<Color, Safe, Safe> {
-  // Note(Lokathor): because of the `u8` limit we can't go out of bounds here.
+  PALRAM_BG.index(palbank.wrapping_mul(16).wrapping_add(palslot) as usize)
-  unsafe { PALRAM_BG.index_unchecked(palbank.wrapping_mul(16).wrapping_add(palslot) as usize) }
 }
 
 /// Obtains the address of the specified 4bpp object palbank and palslot.
 ///
 /// Accesses `palbank * 16 + palslot`, if this is out of bounds the computation
 /// will wrap.
-pub const fn index_palram_obj_4bpp(palbank: u8, palslot: u8) -> VolAddress<Color> {
+pub const fn index_palram_obj_4bpp(palbank: u8, palslot: u8) -> VolAddress<Color, Safe, Safe> {
-  // Note(Lokathor): because of the `u8` limit we can't go out of bounds here.
+  PALRAM_OBJ.index(palbank.wrapping_mul(16).wrapping_add(palslot) as usize)
-  unsafe { PALRAM_OBJ.index_unchecked(palbank.wrapping_mul(16).wrapping_add(palslot) as usize) }
 }

src/save/eeprom.rs

@@ -9,9 +9,9 @@ use crate::{
   sync::with_irqs_disabled,
 };
 use core::cmp;
-use voladdress::VolAddress;
+use voladdress::*;
 
-const PORT: VolAddress<u16> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x0DFFFF00) };
+const PORT: VolAddress<u16, Safe, Safe> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x0DFFFF00) };
 const SECTOR_SHIFT: usize = 3;
 const SECTOR_LEN: usize = 1 << SECTOR_SHIFT;
 const SECTOR_MASK: usize = SECTOR_LEN - 1;
@@ -156,7 +156,6 @@ impl EepromProperties {
 
   /// Writes a sector directly.
   fn write_sector_raw(&self, word: usize, block: &[u8]) -> Result<(), Error> {
-    unsafe {
     // Write sector command. The command is a one bit, followed by a
     // zero bit, followed by the address, followed by 64 bits of data.
     //
@@ -182,7 +181,6 @@ impl EepromProperties {
     }
     Ok(())
   }
-  }
 
   /// Writes a sector to the EEPROM, keeping any current contents outside the
   /// buffer's range.

src/save/flash.rs

@@ -9,14 +9,13 @@ use super::{
 };
 use crate::sync::{with_irqs_disabled, InitOnce, Static};
 use core::cmp;
-use typenum::consts::U65536;
+use voladdress::*;
-use voladdress::{VolAddress, VolBlock};
 
 // Volatile address ports for flash
-const FLASH_PORT_BANK: VolAddress<u8> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x0E000000) };
+const FLASH_PORT_BANK: VolAddress<u8, Safe, Safe> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x0E000000) };
-const FLASH_PORT_A: VolAddress<u8> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x0E005555) };
+const FLASH_PORT_A: VolAddress<u8, Safe, Safe> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x0E005555) };
-const FLASH_PORT_B: VolAddress<u8> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x0E002AAA) };
+const FLASH_PORT_B: VolAddress<u8, Safe, Safe> = unsafe { VolAddress::new(0x0E002AAA) };
-const FLASH_DATA: VolBlock<u8, U65536> = unsafe { VolBlock::new(0x0E000000) };
+const FLASH_DATA: VolBlock<u8, Safe, Safe, 65536> = unsafe { VolBlock::new(0x0E000000) };
 
 // Various constants related to sector sizes
 const BANK_SHIFT: usize = 16; // 64 KiB
@@ -133,7 +132,7 @@ struct ChipInfo {
 
   /// The timeout in milliseconds for writes to this chip.
   write_timeout: u16,
-  /// The timeout in mililseconds for erasing a sector in this chip.
+  /// The timeout in milliseconds for erasing a sector in this chip.
   erase_sector_timeout: u16,
   /// The timeout in milliseconds for erasing the entire chip.
   erase_chip_timeout: u16,

src/save/utils.rs

@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 //! A package containing useful utilities for writing save accessors. This is
-//! mainly used internally, although the types inside are exposed publically.
+//! mainly used internally, although the types inside are exposed publicly.
 
 use super::Error;
 use crate::{
   io::timers::*,
   sync::{RawMutex, RawMutexGuard, Static},
 };
-use voladdress::VolAddress;
+use voladdress::*;
 
 /// Internal representation for our active timer.
 #[derive(Copy, Clone, PartialEq)]
@@ -44,8 +44,8 @@ pub fn disable_timeout() {
 pub struct Timeout {
   _lock_guard: RawMutexGuard<'static>,
   active: bool,
-  timer_l: VolAddress<u16>,
+  timer_l: VolAddress<u16, Safe, Safe>,
-  timer_h: VolAddress<TimerControlSetting>,
+  timer_h: VolAddress<TimerControlSetting, Safe, Safe>,
 }
 impl Timeout {
   /// Creates a new timeout from the timer passed to [`set_timer_for_timeout`].

src/sync.rs

@@ -29,13 +29,19 @@ pub fn memory_write_hint<T>(val: *mut T) {
 }
 
 /// An internal function used as a temporary hack to get `compiler_fence`
-/// working. While this call is not properly inlined, working is better than
+/// working. While this call is not properly inlined, working is better than not
-/// not working at all.
+/// working at all.
 ///
 /// This seems to be a problem caused by Rust issue #62256:
 /// <https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/62256>
 ///
 /// Not public API, obviously.
+///
+/// NOTE TO ANYONE WHO FINDS THIS: THIS FUNCTION SHOULD NOT NORMALLY BE BLANK.
+/// Having a blank version of this function is *only* correct because the GBA is
+/// so old that it doesn't actually have atomics to sync to begin with (just a
+/// main thread + interrupts). On any modern CPU, having this function be blank
+/// is extremely likely to be incorrect.
 #[doc(hidden)]
 #[deprecated]
 #[allow(dead_code)]
@@ -49,15 +55,15 @@ pub unsafe extern "C" fn __sync_synchronize() {}
 /// for game functionality.
 pub fn with_irqs_disabled<T>(mut func: impl FnOnce() -> T) -> T {
   let current_ime = IME.read();
-  IME.write(IrqEnableSetting::IRQ_NO);
+  unsafe { IME.write(IrqEnableSetting::IRQ_NO) };
   // prevents the contents of the function from being reordered before IME is disabled.
   memory_write_hint(&mut func);
 
   let mut result = func();
 
-  // prevents the contents of the function from being reordered after IME is reenabled.
+  // prevents the contents of the function from being reordered after IME is re-enabled.
   memory_write_hint(&mut result);
-  IME.write(current_ime);
+  unsafe { IME.write(current_ime) };
 
   result
 }

src/sync/statics.rs

@@ -1,15 +1,19 @@
 #![cfg_attr(not(target_arch = "arm"), allow(unused_variables))]
 
-use super::*;
+use crate::sync::with_irqs_disabled;
-use core::{cell::UnsafeCell, mem, mem::MaybeUninit, ptr};
+use core::{
+  cell::UnsafeCell,
+  mem::{align_of, size_of, MaybeUninit},
+  ptr,
+};
 
 /// The internal function for replacing a `Copy` (really `!Drop`) value in a
 /// [`Static`]. This uses assembly to use an `stmia` instruction to ensure
 /// an IRQ cannot occur during the write operation.
 #[cfg(target_arch = "arm")]
 unsafe fn transfer<T: Copy>(dst: *mut T, src: *const T) {
-  let align = mem::align_of::<T>();
+  let align = align_of::<T>();
-  let size = mem::size_of::<T>();
+  let size = size_of::<T>();
   if size == 0 {
     // Do nothing with ZSTs. Obviously.
   } else if size <= 16 && align % 4 == 0 {
@@ -41,7 +45,7 @@ unsafe fn transfer<T: Copy>(dst: *mut T, src: *const T) {
 #[cfg(target_arch = "arm")]
 #[allow(unused_assignments)]
 unsafe fn transfer_align4_thumb<T: Copy>(mut dst: *mut T, mut src: *const T) {
-  let size = mem::size_of::<T>();
+  let size = size_of::<T>();
   if size <= 4 {
     // We use assembly here regardless to just do the word aligned copy. This
     // ensures it's done with a single ldr/str instruction.
@@ -82,7 +86,7 @@ unsafe fn transfer_align4_thumb<T: Copy>(mut dst: *mut T, mut src: *const T) {
 #[instruction_set(arm::a32)]
 #[allow(unused_assignments)]
 unsafe fn transfer_align4_arm<T: Copy>(mut dst: *mut T, mut src: *const T) {
-  let size = mem::size_of::<T>();
+  let size = size_of::<T>();
   if size <= 16 {
     unimplemented!("This should be done via transfer_thumb.");
   } else if size <= 20 {
@@ -134,8 +138,8 @@ unsafe fn transfer_align4_arm<T: Copy>(mut dst: *mut T, mut src: *const T) {
 /// another value.
 #[cfg(target_arch = "arm")]
 unsafe fn exchange<T>(dst: *mut T, src: *const T) -> T {
-  let align = mem::align_of::<T>();
+  let align = align_of::<T>();
-  let size = mem::size_of::<T>();
+  let size = size_of::<T>();
   if size == 0 {
     // Do nothing with ZSTs.
     ptr::read(dst)

src/vram.rs

@@ -15,8 +15,6 @@
 
 pub(crate) use super::*;
 
-use typenum::{U1024, consts::{U256, U32, U512, U6}};
-
 pub mod affine;
 pub mod bitmap;
 pub mod text;
@@ -34,10 +32,11 @@ pub const VRAM_BASE_USIZE: usize = 0x600_0000;
 pub const PAGE1_OFFSET: usize = 0xA000;
 
 /// The character base blocks.
-pub const CHAR_BASE_BLOCKS: VolBlock<[u8; 0x4000], U6> = unsafe { VolBlock::new(VRAM_BASE_USIZE) };
+pub const CHAR_BASE_BLOCKS: VolBlock<[u8; 0x4000], Safe, Safe, 6> =
+  unsafe { VolBlock::new(VRAM_BASE_USIZE) };
 
 /// The screen entry base blocks.
-pub const SCREEN_BASE_BLOCKS: VolBlock<[u8; 0x800], U32> =
+pub const SCREEN_BASE_BLOCKS: VolBlock<[u8; 0x800], Safe, Safe, 32> =
   unsafe { VolBlock::new(VRAM_BASE_USIZE) };
 
 newtype! {
@@ -53,15 +52,15 @@ newtype! {
 }
 
 /// Gives the specified charblock in 4bpp view.
-pub fn get_4bpp_character_block(slot: usize) -> VolBlock<Tile4bpp, U512> {
+pub fn get_4bpp_character_block(slot: usize) -> VolBlock<Tile4bpp, Safe, Safe, 512> {
-  unsafe { VolBlock::new(CHAR_BASE_BLOCKS.index(slot).to_usize()) }
+  unsafe { VolBlock::new(CHAR_BASE_BLOCKS.index(slot).as_usize()) }
 }
 
 /// Gives the specified charblock in 8bpp view.
-pub fn get_8bpp_character_block(slot: usize) -> VolBlock<Tile8bpp, U256> {
+pub fn get_8bpp_character_block(slot: usize) -> VolBlock<Tile8bpp, Safe, Safe, 256> {
-  unsafe { VolBlock::new(CHAR_BASE_BLOCKS.index(slot).to_usize()) }
+  unsafe { VolBlock::new(CHAR_BASE_BLOCKS.index(slot).as_usize()) }
 }
 
-pub fn get_screen_block(slot: usize) -> VolBlock<TextScreenblockEntry, U1024> {
+pub fn get_screen_block(slot: usize) -> VolBlock<TextScreenblockEntry, Safe, Safe, 1024> {
-  unsafe { VolBlock::new(SCREEN_BASE_BLOCKS.index(slot).to_usize()) }
+  unsafe { VolBlock::new(SCREEN_BASE_BLOCKS.index(slot).as_usize()) }
 }

src/vram/bitmap.rs

@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 //! Module for the Bitmap video modes.
 
 use super::*;
-use core::ops::{Div, Mul};
-use typenum::consts::{U128, U160, U2, U256, U4};
 
 /// A bitmap video mode with full color and full resolution.
 ///
@@ -23,10 +21,10 @@ impl Mode3 {
   /// The screen's height in this mode.
   pub const HEIGHT: usize = 160;
 
-  const VRAM: VolBlock<Color, <U256 as Mul<U160>>::Output> =
+  const VRAM: VolBlock<Color, Safe, Safe, { 256 * 160 }> =
     unsafe { VolBlock::new(VRAM_BASE_USIZE) };
 
-  const WORDS_BLOCK: VolBlock<u32, <<U256 as Mul<U160>>::Output as Div<U2>>::Output> =
+  const WORDS_BLOCK: VolBlock<u32, Safe, Safe, { (256 * 160) / 2 }> =
     unsafe { VolBlock::new(VRAM_BASE_USIZE) };
 
   /// Gets the address of the pixel specified.
@@ -34,7 +32,7 @@ impl Mode3 {
   /// ## Failure
   ///
   /// Gives `None` if out of bounds
-  fn get(col: usize, row: usize) -> Option<VolAddress<Color>> {
+  fn get(col: usize, row: usize) -> Option<VolAddress<Color, Safe, Safe>> {
     Self::VRAM.get(col + row * Self::WIDTH)
   }
 
@@ -44,7 +42,7 @@ impl Mode3 {
   ///
   /// Gives `None` if out of bounds
   pub fn read(col: usize, row: usize) -> Option<Color> {
-    Self::get(col, row).map(VolAddress::read)
+    Self::get(col, row).map(VolAddress::<Color, Safe, Safe>::read)
   }
 
   /// Writes a color to the pixel specified.
@@ -164,16 +162,16 @@ impl Mode4 {
   /// The screen's height in this mode.
   pub const HEIGHT: usize = 160;
 
-  const PAGE0_INDEXES: VolBlock<u8, <U256 as Mul<U160>>::Output> =
+  const PAGE0_INDEXES: VolBlock<u8, Safe, Safe, { 256 * 160 }> =
     unsafe { VolBlock::new(VRAM_BASE_USIZE) };
 
-  const PAGE1_INDEXES: VolBlock<u8, <U256 as Mul<U160>>::Output> =
+  const PAGE1_INDEXES: VolBlock<u8, Safe, Safe, { 256 * 160 }> =
     unsafe { VolBlock::new(VRAM_BASE_USIZE + PAGE1_OFFSET) };
 
-  const PAGE0_WORDS: VolBlock<u32, <<U256 as Mul<U160>>::Output as Div<U4>>::Output> =
+  const PAGE0_WORDS: VolBlock<u32, Safe, Safe, { (256 * 160) / 4 }> =
     unsafe { VolBlock::new(VRAM_BASE_USIZE) };
 
-  const PAGE1_WORDS: VolBlock<u32, <<U256 as Mul<U160>>::Output as Div<U4>>::Output> =
+  const PAGE1_WORDS: VolBlock<u32, Safe, Safe, { (256 * 160) / 4 }> =
     unsafe { VolBlock::new(VRAM_BASE_USIZE + PAGE1_OFFSET) };
 
   /// Reads the color of the pixel specified.
@@ -187,7 +185,7 @@ impl Mode4 {
       Page::One => Self::PAGE1_INDEXES,
     }
     .get(col + row * Self::WIDTH)
-    .map(VolAddress::read)
+    .map(VolAddress::<u8, Safe, Safe>::read)
   }
 
   /// Writes a color to the pixel specified.
@@ -201,12 +199,12 @@ impl Mode4 {
     if col < Self::WIDTH && row < Self::HEIGHT {
       let real_index = col + row * Self::WIDTH;
       let rounded_down_index = real_index & !1;
-      let address: VolAddress<u16> = unsafe {
+      let address: VolAddress<u16, Safe, Safe> = unsafe {
         match page {
           Page::Zero => Self::PAGE0_INDEXES,
           Page::One => Self::PAGE1_INDEXES,
         }
-        .index_unchecked(rounded_down_index)
+        .index(rounded_down_index)
         .cast::<u16>()
       };
       if real_index != rounded_down_index {
@@ -247,11 +245,9 @@ impl Mode4 {
 
     let pal8bpp_32 = pal8bpp as u32;
     let bulk_color = (pal8bpp_32 << 24) | (pal8bpp_32 << 16) | (pal8bpp_32 << 8) | pal8bpp_32;
-    let words_address = unsafe {
+    let words_address = match page {
-      match page {
+      Page::Zero => Self::PAGE0_WORDS.index(0).as_usize(),
-        Page::Zero => Self::PAGE0_WORDS.index_unchecked(0).to_usize(),
+      Page::One => Self::PAGE1_WORDS.index(0).as_usize(),
-        Page::One => Self::PAGE1_WORDS.index_unchecked(0).to_usize(),
-      }
     };
     unsafe { DMA3::fill32(&bulk_color, words_address as *mut u32, Self::PAGE0_WORDS.len() as u16) };
   }
@@ -331,16 +327,16 @@ impl Mode5 {
   /// The screen's height in this mode.
   pub const HEIGHT: usize = 128;
 
-  const PAGE0_PIXELS: VolBlock<Color, <U160 as Mul<U128>>::Output> =
+  const PAGE0_PIXELS: VolBlock<Color, Safe, Safe, { 160 * 128 }> =
     unsafe { VolBlock::new(VRAM_BASE_USIZE) };
 
-  const PAGE1_PIXELS: VolBlock<Color, <U160 as Mul<U128>>::Output> =
+  const PAGE1_PIXELS: VolBlock<Color, Safe, Safe, { 160 * 128 }> =
     unsafe { VolBlock::new(VRAM_BASE_USIZE + PAGE1_OFFSET) };
 
-  const PAGE0_WORDS: VolBlock<u32, <<U160 as Mul<U128>>::Output as Div<U2>>::Output> =
+  const PAGE0_WORDS: VolBlock<u32, Safe, Safe, { (160 * 128) / 2 }> =
     unsafe { VolBlock::new(VRAM_BASE_USIZE) };
 
-  const PAGE1_WORDS: VolBlock<u32, <<U160 as Mul<U128>>::Output as Div<U2>>::Output> =
+  const PAGE1_WORDS: VolBlock<u32, Safe, Safe, { (160 * 128) / 2 }> =
     unsafe { VolBlock::new(VRAM_BASE_USIZE + PAGE1_OFFSET) };
 
   /// Reads the color of the pixel specified.
@@ -354,7 +350,7 @@ impl Mode5 {
       Page::One => Self::PAGE1_PIXELS,
     }
     .get(col + row * Self::WIDTH)
-    .map(VolAddress::read)
+    .map(VolAddress::<Color, Safe, Safe>::read)
   }
 
   /// Writes a color to the pixel specified.
@@ -394,11 +390,9 @@ impl Mode5 {
 
     let color32 = color.0 as u32;
     let bulk_color = color32 << 16 | color32;
-    let words_address = unsafe {
+    let words_address = match page {
-      match page {
+      Page::Zero => Self::PAGE0_WORDS.index(0).as_usize(),
-        Page::Zero => Self::PAGE0_WORDS.index_unchecked(0).to_usize(),
+      Page::One => Self::PAGE1_WORDS.index(0).as_usize(),
-        Page::One => Self::PAGE1_WORDS.index_unchecked(0).to_usize(),
-      }
     };
     unsafe { DMA3::fill32(&bulk_color, words_address as *mut u32, Self::PAGE0_WORDS.len() as u16) };
   }