diff --git a/src/chunk.rs b/src/chunk.rs
index e92530a..c19f754 100644
--- a/src/chunk.rs
+++ b/src/chunk.rs
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ use crate::protocol::packets::s2c::play::{
     BlockUpdate, ChunkDataAndUpdateLight, S2cPlayPacket, UpdateSectionBlocks,
 };
 use crate::protocol::{Encode, VarInt, VarLong};
-use crate::util::log2_ceil;
+use crate::util::bits_needed;
 
 mod paletted_container;
 
@@ -556,7 +556,7 @@ impl<C: Config> LoadedChunk<C> {
                     |b| b.to_raw().into(),
                     4,
                     8,
-                    log2_ceil(BlockState::max_raw().into()),
+                    bits_needed(BlockState::max_raw().into()),
                 )
                 .unwrap();
 
@@ -566,7 +566,7 @@ impl<C: Config> LoadedChunk<C> {
                     |b| b.0.into(),
                     0,
                     3,
-                    log2_ceil(biome_registry_len),
+                    bits_needed(biome_registry_len - 1),
                 )
                 .unwrap();
         }
@@ -612,7 +612,7 @@ impl<C: Config> LoadedChunk<C> {
 
                 debug_assert_eq!(bits.count_ones(), 1);
 
-                let idx = i * USIZE_BITS + log2_ceil(bits);
+                let idx = i * USIZE_BITS + bits.trailing_zeros() as usize;
                 let block = sect.block_states.get(idx);
 
                 let global_x = pos.x * 16 + (idx % 16) as i32;
diff --git a/src/chunk/paletted_container.rs b/src/chunk/paletted_container.rs
index 5648019..c87a255 100644
--- a/src/chunk/paletted_container.rs
+++ b/src/chunk/paletted_container.rs
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ use arrayvec::ArrayVec;
 
 use crate::chunk::{compact_u64s_len, encode_compact_u64s};
 use crate::protocol::{Encode, VarInt};
-use crate::util::log2_ceil;
+use crate::util::bits_needed;
 
 /// `HALF_LEN` must be equal to `ceil(LEN / 2)`.
 #[derive(Clone, Debug)]
@@ -17,7 +17,8 @@ pub enum PalettedContainer<T, const LEN: usize, const HALF_LEN: usize> {
 
 #[derive(Clone, Debug)]
 pub struct Indirect<T, const LEN: usize, const HALF_LEN: usize> {
-    /// Each element is a unique instance of `T`.
+    /// Each element is a unique instance of `T`. The length of the palette is
+    /// always ≥2.
     palette: ArrayVec<T, 16>,
     /// Each half-byte is an index into `palette`.
     indices: [u8; HALF_LEN],
@@ -147,7 +148,7 @@ impl<T: Copy + Eq + Default, const LEN: usize, const HALF_LEN: usize>
     ///   force conversion to the direct representation while encoding.
     /// - **`direct_bits`**: The minimum number of bits required to represent
     ///   all instances of the element type. If `N` is the total number of
-    ///   possible values, then `DIRECT_BITS` is `ceil(log2(N))`.
+    ///   possible values, then `DIRECT_BITS` is `floor(log2(N - 1)) + 1`.
     pub fn encode_mc_format<W, F>(
         &self,
         mut writer: W,
@@ -177,7 +178,7 @@ impl<T: Copy + Eq + Default, const LEN: usize, const HALF_LEN: usize>
                 VarInt(0).encode(&mut writer)?;
             }
             Self::Indirect(ind) => {
-                let bits_per_entry = min_indirect_bits.max(log2_ceil(ind.palette.len()));
+                let bits_per_entry = min_indirect_bits.max(bits_needed(ind.palette.len() - 1));
 
                 // Encode as direct if necessary.
                 if bits_per_entry > max_indirect_bits {
diff --git a/src/util.rs b/src/util.rs
index cf89093..99b7f4e 100644
--- a/src/util.rs
+++ b/src/util.rs
@@ -127,15 +127,12 @@ pub fn ray_box_intersect(ro: Vec3<f64>, rd: Vec3<f64>, bb: Aabb<f64>) -> Option<
     }
 }
 
-/// Calculates the log base 2 rounded up.
-pub(crate) const fn log2_ceil(n: usize) -> usize {
-    debug_assert!(n != 0);
-
-    // TODO: replace with `n.wrapping_next_power_of_two().trailing_zeros()`.
-    match n.checked_next_power_of_two() {
-        Some(n) => n.trailing_zeros() as usize,
-        None => 0_u64.trailing_zeros() as usize,
-    }
+/// Calculates the minimum number of bits needed to represent the integer `n`.
+/// Also known as `floor(log2(n)) + 1`.
+///
+/// This returns `0` if `n` is `0`.
+pub(crate) const fn bits_needed(n: usize) -> usize {
+    (usize::BITS - n.leading_zeros()) as _
 }
 
 #[cfg(test)]