diff --git a/piet-gpu-hal/examples/dx12_toy.rs b/piet-gpu-hal/examples/dx12_toy.rs
index 23737bf..2ad9dfe 100644
--- a/piet-gpu-hal/examples/dx12_toy.rs
+++ b/piet-gpu-hal/examples/dx12_toy.rs
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ fn toy() -> Result<(), Error> {
         cmd_buf.host_barrier();
         cmd_buf.finish();
         device.run_cmd_bufs(&[&cmd_buf], &[], &[], Some(&mut fence))?;
-        device.wait_and_reset(&[&mut fence])?;
+        device.wait_and_reset(vec![&mut fence])?;
         let mut readback: Vec<u32> = vec![0u32; 256];
         device.read_buffer(&buf, readback.as_mut_ptr() as *mut u8, 0, 1024)?;
         println!("{:?}", readback);
diff --git a/piet-gpu-hal/src/dx12.rs b/piet-gpu-hal/src/dx12.rs
index 637aa2f..cf9a0e3 100644
--- a/piet-gpu-hal/src/dx12.rs
+++ b/piet-gpu-hal/src/dx12.rs
@@ -405,7 +405,7 @@ impl crate::Device for Dx12Device {
         Ok(Fence { fence, event, val })
     }
 
-    unsafe fn wait_and_reset(&self, fences: &[&mut Self::Fence]) -> Result<(), Error> {
+    unsafe fn wait_and_reset(&self, fences: Vec<&mut Self::Fence>) -> Result<(), Error> {
         for fence in fences {
             // TODO: probably handle errors here.
             let _status = fence.event.wait(winapi::um::winbase::INFINITE);
diff --git a/piet-gpu-hal/src/lib.rs b/piet-gpu-hal/src/lib.rs
index e9c62fd..6a66db6 100644
--- a/piet-gpu-hal/src/lib.rs
+++ b/piet-gpu-hal/src/lib.rs
@@ -233,7 +233,7 @@ pub trait Device: Sized {
 
     unsafe fn create_semaphore(&self) -> Result<Self::Semaphore, Error>;
     unsafe fn create_fence(&self, signaled: bool) -> Result<Self::Fence, Error>;
-    unsafe fn wait_and_reset(&self, fences: &[&mut Self::Fence]) -> Result<(), Error>;
+    unsafe fn wait_and_reset(&self, fences: Vec<&mut Self::Fence>) -> Result<(), Error>;
     unsafe fn get_fence_status(&self, fence: &Self::Fence) -> Result<bool, Error>;
 
     unsafe fn create_sampler(&self, params: SamplerParams) -> Result<Self::Sampler, Error>;
diff --git a/piet-gpu-hal/src/metal.rs b/piet-gpu-hal/src/metal.rs
index 9818c75..bd69b5e 100644
--- a/piet-gpu-hal/src/metal.rs
+++ b/piet-gpu-hal/src/metal.rs
@@ -251,7 +251,7 @@ impl crate::Device for MtlDevice {
         todo!()
     }
 
-    unsafe fn wait_and_reset(&self, fences: &[&mut Self::Fence]) -> Result<(), Error> {
+    unsafe fn wait_and_reset(&self, fences: Vec<&mut Self::Fence>) -> Result<(), Error> {
         todo!()
     }
 
diff --git a/piet-gpu-hal/src/mux.rs b/piet-gpu-hal/src/mux.rs
index 90be57a..5b677ce 100644
--- a/piet-gpu-hal/src/mux.rs
+++ b/piet-gpu-hal/src/mux.rs
@@ -235,15 +235,15 @@ impl Device {
                 let mut fences = fences
                     .into_iter()
                     .map(|f| f.vk_mut())
-                    .collect::<SmallVec<[_; 4]>>();
-                d.wait_and_reset(&mut fences)
+                    .collect::<Vec<_>>();
+                d.wait_and_reset(fences)
             }
             Device::Dx12(d) => {
                 let mut fences = fences
                     .into_iter()
                     .map(|f| f.dx12_mut())
-                    .collect::<SmallVec<[_; 4]>>();
-                d.wait_and_reset(&mut fences)
+                    .collect::<Vec<_>>();
+                d.wait_and_reset(fences)
             }
             Device::Mtl(d) => {
                 let mut fences = fences
diff --git a/piet-gpu-hal/src/vulkan.rs b/piet-gpu-hal/src/vulkan.rs
index 4d73c2f..8cdddcd 100644
--- a/piet-gpu-hal/src/vulkan.rs
+++ b/piet-gpu-hal/src/vulkan.rs
@@ -619,7 +619,7 @@ impl crate::Device for VkDevice {
         Ok(device.create_semaphore(&vk::SemaphoreCreateInfo::default(), None)?)
     }
 
-    unsafe fn wait_and_reset(&self, fences: &[&mut Self::Fence]) -> Result<(), Error> {
+    unsafe fn wait_and_reset(&self, fences: Vec<&mut Self::Fence>) -> Result<(), Error> {
         let device = &self.device.device;
         let fences = fences
             .iter()