//! The `Event` enum and assorted supporting types.
//!
//! These are sent to the closure given to [`EventLoop::run(...)`][event_loop_run], where they get
//! processed and used to modify the program state. For more details, see the root-level documentation.
//!
//! [event_loop_run]: crate::event_loop::EventLoop::run
use instant::Instant;
use std::path::PathBuf;

use crate::{
    dpi::{LogicalPosition, LogicalSize},
    platform_impl,
    window::WindowId,
};

/// Describes a generic event.
#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq)]
pub enum Event<T> {
    /// Emitted when the OS sends an event to a winit window.
    WindowEvent {
        window_id: WindowId,
        event: WindowEvent,
    },
    /// Emitted when the OS sends an event to a device.
    DeviceEvent {
        device_id: DeviceId,
        event: DeviceEvent,
    },
    /// Emitted when an event is sent from [`EventLoopProxy::send_event`](crate::event_loop::EventLoopProxy::send_event)
    UserEvent(T),
    /// Emitted when new events arrive from the OS to be processed.
    NewEvents(StartCause),
    /// Emitted when all events (except for `RedrawRequested`) have been reported.
    ///
    /// This event is followed by zero or more instances of `RedrawRequested`
    /// and, finally, `RedrawEventsCleared`.
    MainEventsCleared,

    /// The OS or application has requested that a window be redrawn.
    ///
    /// Emitted only after `MainEventsCleared`.
    RedrawRequested(WindowId),

    /// Emitted after any `RedrawRequested` events.
    ///
    /// If there are no `RedrawRequested` events, it is reported immediately after
    /// `MainEventsCleared`.
    RedrawEventsCleared,

    /// Emitted when the event loop is being shut down. This is irreversable - if this event is
    /// emitted, it is guaranteed to be the last event emitted.
    LoopDestroyed,

    /// Emitted when the application has been suspended.
    Suspended,

    /// Emitted when the application has been resumed.
    Resumed,
}

impl<T> Event<T> {
    pub fn map_nonuser_event<U>(self) -> Result<Event<U>, Event<T>> {
        use self::Event::*;
        match self {
            UserEvent(_) => Err(self),
            WindowEvent { window_id, event } => Ok(WindowEvent { window_id, event }),
            DeviceEvent { device_id, event } => Ok(DeviceEvent { device_id, event }),
            NewEvents(cause) => Ok(NewEvents(cause)),
            MainEventsCleared => Ok(MainEventsCleared),
            RedrawRequested(wid) => Ok(RedrawRequested(wid)),
            RedrawEventsCleared => Ok(RedrawEventsCleared),
            LoopDestroyed => Ok(LoopDestroyed),
            Suspended => Ok(Suspended),
            Resumed => Ok(Resumed),
        }
    }
}

/// Describes the reason the event loop is resuming.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub enum StartCause {
    /// Sent if the time specified by `ControlFlow::WaitUntil` has been reached. Contains the
    /// moment the timeout was requested and the requested resume time. The actual resume time is
    /// guaranteed to be equal to or after the requested resume time.
    ResumeTimeReached {
        start: Instant,
        requested_resume: Instant,
    },

    /// Sent if the OS has new events to send to the window, after a wait was requested. Contains
    /// the moment the wait was requested and the resume time, if requested.
    WaitCancelled {
        start: Instant,
        requested_resume: Option<Instant>,
    },

    /// Sent if the event loop is being resumed after the loop's control flow was set to
    /// `ControlFlow::Poll`.
    Poll,

    /// Sent once, immediately after `run` is called. Indicates that the loop was just initialized.
    Init,
}

/// Describes an event from a `Window`.
#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq)]
pub enum WindowEvent {
    /// The size of the window has changed. Contains the client area's new dimensions.
    Resized(LogicalSize),

    /// The position of the window has changed. Contains the window's new position.
    Moved(LogicalPosition),

    /// The window has been requested to close.
    CloseRequested,

    /// The window has been destroyed.
    Destroyed,

    /// A file has been dropped into the window.
    ///
    /// When the user drops multiple files at once, this event will be emitted for each file
    /// separately.
    DroppedFile(PathBuf),

    /// A file is being hovered over the window.
    ///
    /// When the user hovers multiple files at once, this event will be emitted for each file
    /// separately.
    HoveredFile(PathBuf),

    /// A file was hovered, but has exited the window.
    ///
    /// There will be a single `HoveredFileCancelled` event triggered even if multiple files were
    /// hovered.
    HoveredFileCancelled,

    /// The window received a unicode character.
    ReceivedCharacter(char),

    /// The window gained or lost focus.
    ///
    /// The parameter is true if the window has gained focus, and false if it has lost focus.
    Focused(bool),

    /// An event from the keyboard has been received.
    KeyboardInput {
        device_id: DeviceId,
        input: KeyboardInput,
        /// If `true`, the event was generated synthetically by winit
        /// in one of the following circumstances:
        ///
        /// * **X11**: Synthetic key press events are generated for all keys pressed
        ///   when a window gains focus. Likewise, synthetic key release events
        ///   are generated for all keys pressed when a window goes out of focus.
        ///
        /// Otherwise, this value is always `false`.
        is_synthetic: bool,
    },

    /// The cursor has moved on the window.
    CursorMoved {
        device_id: DeviceId,

        /// (x,y) coords in pixels relative to the top-left corner of the window. Because the range of this data is
        /// limited by the display area and it may have been transformed by the OS to implement effects such as cursor
        /// acceleration, it should not be used to implement non-cursor-like interactions such as 3D camera control.
        position: LogicalPosition,
        modifiers: ModifiersState,
    },

    /// The cursor has entered the window.
    CursorEntered { device_id: DeviceId },

    /// The cursor has left the window.
    CursorLeft { device_id: DeviceId },

    /// A mouse wheel movement or touchpad scroll occurred.
    MouseWheel {
        device_id: DeviceId,
        delta: MouseScrollDelta,
        phase: TouchPhase,
        modifiers: ModifiersState,
    },

    /// An mouse button press has been received.
    MouseInput {
        device_id: DeviceId,
        state: ElementState,
        button: MouseButton,
        modifiers: ModifiersState,
    },

    /// Touchpad pressure event.
    ///
    /// At the moment, only supported on Apple forcetouch-capable macbooks.
    /// The parameters are: pressure level (value between 0 and 1 representing how hard the touchpad
    /// is being pressed) and stage (integer representing the click level).
    TouchpadPressure {
        device_id: DeviceId,
        pressure: f32,
        stage: i64,
    },

    /// Motion on some analog axis. May report data redundant to other, more specific events.
    AxisMotion {
        device_id: DeviceId,
        axis: AxisId,
        value: f64,
    },

    /// Touch event has been received
    Touch(Touch),

    /// The DPI factor of the window has changed.
    ///
    /// The following user actions can cause DPI changes:
    ///
    /// * Changing the display's resolution.
    /// * Changing the display's DPI factor (e.g. in Control Panel on Windows).
    /// * Moving the window to a display with a different DPI factor.
    ///
    /// For more information about DPI in general, see the [`dpi`](crate::dpi) module.
    HiDpiFactorChanged(f64),
}

/// Identifier of an input device.
///
/// Whenever you receive an event arising from a particular input device, this event contains a `DeviceId` which
/// identifies its origin. Note that devices may be virtual (representing an on-screen cursor and keyboard focus) or
/// physical. Virtual devices typically aggregate inputs from multiple physical devices.
#[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord, Hash)]
pub struct DeviceId(pub(crate) platform_impl::DeviceId);

impl DeviceId {
    /// Returns a dummy `DeviceId`, useful for unit testing. The only guarantee made about the return
    /// value of this function is that it will always be equal to itself and to future values returned
    /// by this function.  No other guarantees are made. This may be equal to a real `DeviceId`.
    ///
    /// **Passing this into a winit function will result in undefined behavior.**
    pub unsafe fn dummy() -> Self {
        DeviceId(platform_impl::DeviceId::dummy())
    }
}

/// Represents raw hardware events that are not associated with any particular window.
///
/// Useful for interactions that diverge significantly from a conventional 2D GUI, such as 3D camera or first-person
/// game controls. Many physical actions, such as mouse movement, can produce both device and window events. Because
/// window events typically arise from virtual devices (corresponding to GUI cursors and keyboard focus) the device IDs
/// may not match.
///
/// Note that these events are delivered regardless of input focus.
#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq)]
pub enum DeviceEvent {
    Added,
    Removed,

    /// Change in physical position of a pointing device.
    ///
    /// This represents raw, unfiltered physical motion. Not to be confused with `WindowEvent::CursorMoved`.
    MouseMotion {
        /// (x, y) change in position in unspecified units.
        ///
        /// Different devices may use different units.
        delta: (f64, f64),
    },

    /// Physical scroll event
    MouseWheel {
        delta: MouseScrollDelta,
    },

    /// Motion on some analog axis.  This event will be reported for all arbitrary input devices
    /// that winit supports on this platform, including mouse devices.  If the device is a mouse
    /// device then this will be reported alongside the MouseMotion event.
    Motion {
        axis: AxisId,
        value: f64,
    },

    Button {
        button: ButtonId,
        state: ElementState,
    },

    Key(KeyboardInput),

    /// Keyboard modifiers have changed
    #[doc(hidden)]
    ModifiersChanged {
        modifiers: ModifiersState,
    },

    Text {
        codepoint: char,
    },
}

/// Describes a keyboard input event.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
pub struct KeyboardInput {
    /// Identifies the physical key pressed
    ///
    /// This should not change if the user adjusts the host's keyboard map. Use when the physical location of the
    /// key is more important than the key's host GUI semantics, such as for movement controls in a first-person
    /// game.
    pub scancode: ScanCode,

    pub state: ElementState,

    /// Identifies the semantic meaning of the key
    ///
    /// Use when the semantics of the key are more important than the physical location of the key, such as when
    /// implementing appropriate behavior for "page up."
    pub virtual_keycode: Option<VirtualKeyCode>,

    /// Modifier keys active at the time of this input.
    ///
    /// This is tracked internally to avoid tracking errors arising from modifier key state changes when events from
    /// this device are not being delivered to the application, e.g. due to keyboard focus being elsewhere.
    pub modifiers: ModifiersState,
}

/// Describes touch-screen input state.
#[derive(Debug, Hash, PartialEq, Eq, Clone, Copy)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
pub enum TouchPhase {
    Started,
    Moved,
    Ended,
    Cancelled,
}

/// Represents a touch event
///
/// Every time the user touches the screen, a new `Start` event with an unique
/// identifier for the finger is generated. When the finger is lifted, an `End`
/// event is generated with the same finger id.
///
/// After a `Start` event has been emitted, there may be zero or more `Move`
/// events when the finger is moved or the touch pressure changes.
///
/// The finger id may be reused by the system after an `End` event. The user
/// should assume that a new `Start` event received with the same id has nothing
/// to do with the old finger and is a new finger.
///
/// A `Cancelled` event is emitted when the system has canceled tracking this
/// touch, such as when the window loses focus, or on iOS if the user moves the
/// device against their face.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq)]
pub struct Touch {
    pub device_id: DeviceId,
    pub phase: TouchPhase,
    pub location: LogicalPosition,
    /// Describes how hard the screen was pressed. May be `None` if the platform
    /// does not support pressure sensitivity.
    ///
    /// ## Platform-specific
    ///
    /// - Only available on **iOS** 9.0+ and **Windows** 8+.
    pub force: Option<Force>,
    /// Unique identifier of a finger.
    pub id: u64,
}

/// Describes the force of a touch event
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq)]
pub enum Force {
    /// On iOS, the force is calibrated so that the same number corresponds to
    /// roughly the same amount of pressure on the screen regardless of the
    /// device.
    Calibrated {
        /// The force of the touch, where a value of 1.0 represents the force of
        /// an average touch (predetermined by the system, not user-specific).
        ///
        /// The force reported by Apple Pencil is measured along the axis of the
        /// pencil. If you want a force perpendicular to the device, you need to
        /// calculate this value using the `altitude_angle` value.
        force: f64,
        /// The maximum possible force for a touch.
        ///
        /// The value of this field is sufficiently high to provide a wide
        /// dynamic range for values of the `force` field.
        max_possible_force: f64,
        /// The altitude (in radians) of the stylus.
        ///
        /// A value of 0 radians indicates that the stylus is parallel to the
        /// surface. The value of this property is Pi/2 when the stylus is
        /// perpendicular to the surface.
        altitude_angle: Option<f64>,
    },
    /// If the platform reports the force as normalized, we have no way of
    /// knowing how much pressure 1.0 corresponds to – we know it's the maximum
    /// amount of force, but as to how much force, you might either have to
    /// press really really hard, or not hard at all, depending on the device.
    Normalized(f64),
}

impl Force {
    /// Returns the force normalized to the range between 0.0 and 1.0 inclusive.
    /// Instead of normalizing the force, you should prefer to handle
    /// `Force::Calibrated` so that the amount of force the user has to apply is
    /// consistent across devices.
    pub fn normalized(&self) -> f64 {
        match self {
            Force::Calibrated {
                force,
                max_possible_force,
                altitude_angle,
            } => {
                let force = match altitude_angle {
                    Some(altitude_angle) => force / altitude_angle.sin(),
                    None => *force,
                };
                force / max_possible_force
            }
            Force::Normalized(force) => *force,
        }
    }
}

/// Hardware-dependent keyboard scan code.
pub type ScanCode = u32;

/// Identifier for a specific analog axis on some device.
pub type AxisId = u32;

/// Identifier for a specific button on some device.
pub type ButtonId = u32;

/// Describes the input state of a key.
#[derive(Debug, Hash, PartialEq, Eq, Clone, Copy)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
pub enum ElementState {
    Pressed,
    Released,
}

/// Describes a button of a mouse controller.
#[derive(Debug, Hash, PartialEq, Eq, Clone, Copy)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
pub enum MouseButton {
    Left,
    Right,
    Middle,
    Other(u8),
}

/// Describes a difference in the mouse scroll wheel state.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
pub enum MouseScrollDelta {
    /// Amount in lines or rows to scroll in the horizontal
    /// and vertical directions.
    ///
    /// Positive values indicate movement forward
    /// (away from the user) or rightwards.
    LineDelta(f32, f32),
    /// Amount in pixels to scroll in the horizontal and
    /// vertical direction.
    ///
    /// Scroll events are expressed as a PixelDelta if
    /// supported by the device (eg. a touchpad) and
    /// platform.
    PixelDelta(LogicalPosition),
}

/// Symbolic name for a keyboard key.
#[derive(Debug, Hash, Ord, PartialOrd, PartialEq, Eq, Clone, Copy)]
#[repr(u32)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
pub enum VirtualKeyCode {
    /// The '1' key over the letters.
    Key1,
    /// The '2' key over the letters.
    Key2,
    /// The '3' key over the letters.
    Key3,
    /// The '4' key over the letters.
    Key4,
    /// The '5' key over the letters.
    Key5,
    /// The '6' key over the letters.
    Key6,
    /// The '7' key over the letters.
    Key7,
    /// The '8' key over the letters.
    Key8,
    /// The '9' key over the letters.
    Key9,
    /// The '0' key over the 'O' and 'P' keys.
    Key0,

    A,
    B,
    C,
    D,
    E,
    F,
    G,
    H,
    I,
    J,
    K,
    L,
    M,
    N,
    O,
    P,
    Q,
    R,
    S,
    T,
    U,
    V,
    W,
    X,
    Y,
    Z,

    /// The Escape key, next to F1.
    Escape,

    F1,
    F2,
    F3,
    F4,
    F5,
    F6,
    F7,
    F8,
    F9,
    F10,
    F11,
    F12,
    F13,
    F14,
    F15,
    F16,
    F17,
    F18,
    F19,
    F20,
    F21,
    F22,
    F23,
    F24,

    /// Print Screen/SysRq.
    Snapshot,
    /// Scroll Lock.
    Scroll,
    /// Pause/Break key, next to Scroll lock.
    Pause,

    /// `Insert`, next to Backspace.
    Insert,
    Home,
    Delete,
    End,
    PageDown,
    PageUp,

    Left,
    Up,
    Right,
    Down,

    /// The Backspace key, right over Enter.
    // TODO: rename
    Back,
    /// The Enter key.
    Return,
    /// The space bar.
    Space,

    /// The "Compose" key on Linux.
    Compose,

    Caret,

    Numlock,
    Numpad0,
    Numpad1,
    Numpad2,
    Numpad3,
    Numpad4,
    Numpad5,
    Numpad6,
    Numpad7,
    Numpad8,
    Numpad9,

    AbntC1,
    AbntC2,
    Add,
    Apostrophe,
    Apps,
    At,
    Ax,
    Backslash,
    Calculator,
    Capital,
    Colon,
    Comma,
    Convert,
    Decimal,
    Divide,
    Equals,
    Grave,
    Kana,
    Kanji,
    LAlt,
    LBracket,
    LControl,
    LShift,
    LWin,
    Mail,
    MediaSelect,
    MediaStop,
    Minus,
    Multiply,
    Mute,
    MyComputer,
    NavigateForward,  // also called "Prior"
    NavigateBackward, // also called "Next"
    NextTrack,
    NoConvert,
    NumpadComma,
    NumpadEnter,
    NumpadEquals,
    OEM102,
    Period,
    PlayPause,
    Power,
    PrevTrack,
    RAlt,
    RBracket,
    RControl,
    RShift,
    RWin,
    Semicolon,
    Slash,
    Sleep,
    Stop,
    Subtract,
    Sysrq,
    Tab,
    Underline,
    Unlabeled,
    VolumeDown,
    VolumeUp,
    Wake,
    WebBack,
    WebFavorites,
    WebForward,
    WebHome,
    WebRefresh,
    WebSearch,
    WebStop,
    Yen,
    Copy,
    Paste,
    Cut,
}

/// Represents the current state of the keyboard modifiers
///
/// Each field of this struct represents a modifier and is `true` if this modifier is active.
#[derive(Default, Debug, Hash, PartialEq, Eq, Clone, Copy)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", serde(default))]
pub struct ModifiersState {
    /// The "shift" key
    pub shift: bool,
    /// The "control" key
    pub ctrl: bool,
    /// The "alt" key
    pub alt: bool,
    /// The "logo" key
    ///
    /// This is the "windows" key on PC and "command" key on Mac.
    pub logo: bool,
}